Here are you basic Over the Counter (OTC) Pain medications
source: http://www.associatedcontent.com

Aspirin Bayer, Bufferin
Headaches, Bodyaches
Reduces inflammation
Hard on the upper digestive tract
Bad for hemophiliacs

Ibuprofen Motrin, Advil
Chemically similar to Aspirin and works on same items
Also less irritating to stomach, etc
May be the best product for pain clearly resulting from
inflammation (arthritis, sprains, sunburns, etc.).

Naproxen Aleve
Effective anti-inflammatory
For arthritis, sprains,sunburns.
Similar dosages of this vs Aspirin or Ibuprofen
tend to provide longer relief

Acetaminophen Tylenol
Lowers fevers,soothes headaches
NOT an anti-inflammatory substance.
Will not do much for arthritis or sprains.
Less irritating to the lining of stomach .
Best headache treatment for people with acid reflux